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本文将介绍三种批量插入数据的方法。第一种方法是使用循环语句逐个将数据项插入到数据库中；第二种方法使用的是SqlBulkCopy，使您可以用其他源的数据有效批量加载 SQL Server 表；第三种使用的方法是sql server中的表值参数方法，表值参数是 SQL Server 2008 中的新参数类型。表值参数是使用用户定义的表类型来声明的。使用表值参数，可以不必创建临时表或许多参数，即可向 Transact-SQL 语句或例程（如存储过程或函数）发送多行数据。
代码示例：
此例子为控制台输出程序，有两个类，一个为BulkData类，主要实现了表值参数和sqlbulkcopy是如何插入数据的，一个类为Repository，一个app.config配置文件。所用数据库为sql server 2012。
建库语句：
代码如下:
打开 --Create DataBase use master go if exists(select * from master.sys.sysdatabases where name=N'BulkDB') drop database BulkDB create database BulkDB; go
--Create Table use BulkDB go
if exists(select * from sys.objects where object_id=OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[BulkTable]') and type in(N'U')) drop table [dbo].BulkTable Create table BulkTable( Id int primary key, UserName nvarchar(32), Pwd varchar(16)) go
--Create Table Valued use BulkDB go
if exists ( select * from sys.types st join sys.schemas ss on st.schema_id=ss.schema_id where st.name=N'[BulkType]' and ss.name=N'dbo' ) drop type [dbo].[BulkType] go
create type [dbo].[BulkType] as table ( Id int, UserName nvarchar(32), Pwd varchar(16) ) go
select * from dbo.BulkTable
BulkData.cs
代码如下:
打开 using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Data; using System.Data.SqlClient; using System.Configuration;
namespace BulkData { class BulkData { public static void TableValuedToDB(DataTable dt) { SqlConnection sqlConn = new SqlConnection( ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["ConnStr"].ConnectionString); const string TSqlStatement = "insert into BulkTable (Id,UserName,Pwd)" + " SELECT nc.Id, nc.UserName,nc.Pwd" + " FROM @NewBulkTestTvp AS nc"; SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(TSqlStatement, sqlConn); SqlParameter catParam = cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@NewBulkTestTvp", dt);
catParam.SqlDbType = SqlDbType.Structured; catParam.TypeName = "dbo.BulkType"; try { sqlConn.Open(); if (dt != null && dt.Rows.Count != 0) { cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); } } catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; } finally { sqlConn.Close(); } }
public static DataTable GetTable() { DataTable dt = new DataTable();
dt.Columns.AddRange(new DataColumn[]{new DataColumn("Id",typeof(int)),new DataColumn("UserName",typeof(string)),new DataColumn("Pwd",typeof(string))});
return dt; }
public static void BulkToDB(DataTable dt) { SqlConnection sqlConn = new SqlConnection(ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["ConnStr"].ConnectionString); SqlBulkCopy bulkCopy = new SqlBulkCopy(sqlConn); bulkCopy.DestinationTableName = "BulkTable"; bulkCopy.BatchSize = dt.Rows.Count;
try { sqlConn.Open(); if (dt != null && dt.Rows.Count != 0) bulkCopy.WriteToServer(dt); } catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; } finally { sqlConn.Close(); if (bulkCopy != null) bulkCopy.Close(); } } } }
Repository.cs
代码如下:
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Data; using System.Data.SqlClient; using System.Configuration; using System.Diagnostics;
namespace BulkData { public class Repository { public static void UseSqlBulkCopyClass() { Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch(); for (int outLayer = 0; outLayer < 10; outLayer++) { DataTable dt = BulkData.GetTable(); for (int count = outLayer * 100000; count < (outLayer + 1) * 100000; count++) { DataRow r = dt.NewRow(); r[0] = count; r[1] = string.Format("User-{0}", count * outLayer); r[2] = string.Format("Password-{0}", count * outLayer); dt.Rows.Add(r); } sw.Start(); BulkData.BulkToDB(dt); sw.Stop(); Console.WriteLine(string.Format("{1} hundred thousand data elapsed Time is {0} Milliseconds", sw.ElapsedMilliseconds, outLayer + 1)); }
Console.ReadLine(); }
public static void UseTableValue() { Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch();
for (int outLayer = 0; outLayer < 10; outLayer++) { DataTable dt = BulkData.GetTable();
for (int count = outLayer * 100000; count < (outLayer + 1) * 100000; count++) { DataRow dataRow = dt.NewRow(); dataRow[0] = count; dataRow[1] = string.Format("User-{0}", count * outLayer); dataRow[2] = string.Format("Password-{0}", count * outLayer); dt.Rows.Add(dataRow); }
sw.Start(); BulkData.TableValuedToDB(dt); sw.Stop();
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("{1} hundred thousand data elapsed Time is {0} Milliseconds", sw.ElapsedMilliseconds, outLayer + 1)); }
Console.ReadLine(); }
public static void UserNormalInsert() { Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch();
SqlConnection sqlConn = new SqlConnection(ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["ConnStr"].ConnectionString);
SqlCommand sqlComm = new SqlCommand(); sqlComm.CommandText = string.Format("insert into BulkTable(Id,UserName,Pwd)values(@p0,@p1,@p2)"); sqlComm.Parameters.Add("@p0", SqlDbType.Int); sqlComm.Parameters.Add("@p1", SqlDbType.NVarChar); sqlComm.Parameters.Add("@p2", SqlDbType.VarChar); sqlComm.CommandType = CommandType.Text; sqlComm.Connection = sqlConn; sqlConn.Open();
try { for (int outLayer = 0; outLayer < 10; outLayer++) { for (int count = outLayer * 100000; count < (outLayer + 1) * 100000; count++) {
sqlComm.Parameters["@p0"].Value = count; sqlComm.Parameters["@p1"].Value = string.Format("User-{0}", count * outLayer); sqlComm.Parameters["@p2"].Value = string.Format("Password-{0}", count * outLayer); sw.Start(); sqlComm.ExecuteNonQuery(); sw.Stop(); }
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("{1} hundred thousand data elapsed Time is {0} Milliseconds", sw.ElapsedMilliseconds, outLayer + 1)); } } catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; } finally { sqlConn.Close(); }
Console.ReadLine(); } } }
App.config
代码如下: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <configuration> <connectionStrings> <add name="ConnStr" connectionString="data source=.;Integrated Security=SSPI;Initial Catalog=BulkDB" providerName="System.Data.SqlClient" /> </connectionStrings> </configuration>
Program.cs
代码如下:
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Data; using System.Data.SqlClient; using System.Configuration; using System.Diagnostics;
namespace BulkData { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { //Repository.UseSqlBulkCopyClass(); Repository.UseTableValue(); //Repository.UserNormalInsert(); } } }
三种方法分别插入100万条数据所用的时间为：
循环语句所用时间：
sqlbulkcopy方法所用时间为：
表值参数所用时间为：
我不会告诉你有一种sql语法可以这么写:
代码如下: insert into SystemSet_tbl (ss_guid,ss_type,ss_comment) values ('00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000007',1,''),('00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000008',1,'')
