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本文讲利用MySQL源码安装MySQL并用mysqld_multi配置多实例。
1、下载MySQL源码安装版本
到MySQL官网查找到相应版本下载，本文下载的是5.1版本
代码如下: wget -c ftp://ftp.mirrorservice.org/sites/ftp.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-5.1/mysql-5.1.60.tar.gz
2、解压安装
代码如下: tar -zxv -f mysql-5.1.60.tar.gz ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-charset=utf8 --with-extra-charset=all --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-assembler --with-readline --with-big-tables --with-named-curses-libs=/usr/lib/libncursesw.so.5 make && make install
3、添加用户和用户组
代码如下: groupadd mysql #添加mysql用户组 useradd -g mysql mysql #创建mysql用户并把它放到mysql组下 chown -R root:mysql /usr/local/mysql #修改mysql文件属性
4、初始化数据目录
代码如下: #把用到的工具添加到/usr/bin目录 ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi /usr/bin/mysqld_multi ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db /usr/bin/mysql_install_db #初始化四个数据目录 mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql1 --user=mysql mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql2 --user=mysql mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql3 --user=mysql mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql4 --user=mysql #修改属性 chown -R mysql /usr/local/var/mysql1 chown -R mysql /usr/local/var/mysql2 chown -R mysql /usr/local/var/mysql3 chown -R mysql /usr/local/var/mysql4
5、配置多实例启动脚本
从MySQL的源码中把复制到/etc/init.d/目录下
代码如下: cp /usr/local/src/mysql-5.1.60/support-files/mysqld_multi.server /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi.server #修改basedir和bindir为安装路径 basedir=/usr/local/mysql bindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
6、配置多实例数据库配置文件
用mysqld_multi工具查看该配置文件的模板方法，命令为：mysqld_multi --example 在/etc/目录下创建创建文件/etc/mysqld_multi.cnf，把mysqld_multi --example产生的文件粘进去，修改相应属性，如：mysqld,mysqladmin,socket,port,pid-file,datadir,user等。
代码如下: [mysqld_multi] mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin #user = mysql #password = my_password [mysqld1] socket = /usr/local/var/mysql1/mysql1.sock port = 3306 pid-file = /usr/local/var/mysql1/mysql1.pid datadir = /usr/local/var/mysql1 #language = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english user = mysql [mysqld2] socket = /usr/local/var/mysql2/mysql2.sock port = 3307 pid-file = /usr/local/var/mysql2/mysql2.pid datadir = /usr/local/var/mysql2 #language = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english user = mysql [mysqld3] socket = /usr/local/var/mysql3/mysql3.sock port = 3308 pid-file = /usr/local/var/mysql3/mysql3.pid datadir = /usr/local/var/mysql3 #language = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english user = mysql [mysqld4] socket = /usr/local/var/mysql4/mysql4.sock port = 3309 pid-file = /usr/local/var/mysql4/mysql4.pid datadir = /usr/local/var/mysql4 #language = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english user = mysql
7、启动多实例数据库
代码如下: 将/usr/local/mysql/bin加到$PATH环境变量里 export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH #查看数据库状态 mysqld_multi --defaults-extra-file=/etc/mysqld_multi.cnf report #结果都为没有运行 Reporting MySQL servers MySQL server from group: mysqld1 is not running MySQL server from group: mysqld2 is not running MySQL server from group: mysqld3 is not running MySQL server from group: mysqld4 is not running #启动 mysqld_multi --defaults-extra-file=/etc/mysqld_multi.cnf start #结果为 Reporting MySQL servers MySQL server from group: mysqld1 is not running MySQL server from group: mysqld2 is not running MySQL server from group: mysqld3 is not running MySQL server from group: mysqld4 is not running #启动具体某一个实例可在start、stop后面加上具体数据1,2,3等
8、查看运行结果
代码如下: #查看相应端口是否已经被监听 netstat -tunlp #查看是否有活动进程 ps -aux|grep mysql
9、登录相应数据库
代码如下: #进入端口为3306的数据库 mysql -uroot -p -h127.0.0.1 -P3306 #通过sock文件登录 mysql -uroot -p -S /usr/local/var/mysql1/mysql1.sock #查看socket文件 mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'socket'; #查看pid文件 mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE '%pid%';